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AAPG Bulletin, Preliminary version published online Ahead of Print 11 March 2024.

Copyright © 2024. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.

DOI:10.1306/03052418150

Impact of CO2 influx on sandstone reservoir quality: A case study of the Quantou Formation, southern Songliao Basin, China

Zheng Cao123457 , Chengyan Lin1234 , Chunmei Dong1234 , Lihua Ren1234 , Keyu Liu1234 , Karem Azmy6 , Hairuo Qing7 , and Jason Cosford7

1 Geology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
2 National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
3 Research Laboratory of China University of Petroleum (East China), Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
4 School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
5 School of Petroleum Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
6 Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X5, Canada
7 Department of Geology, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada

Ahead of Print Abstract

The CO2-gas reservoirs have been recorded in many petroliferous basins worldwide. However, the impact of deep inorganic CO2 influx on reservoir quality has received little attention. Here, a new set of mineralogical and geochemical data collected from the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation sandstones in the southern Songliao Basin are presented to address this issue. The sandstones were broadly subdivided into two zones based on their mineralogical compositions: (1) a “normal” zone with higher porosity (av. 13.7%) and permeability (av. 3.27 md) that is located > 10 km away from the Gudian fault (composed of ferrocalcite, ankerite, quartz, mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S), kaolinite, illite, and chlorite), and (2) a “dawsonite-bearing” zone with relatively poor reservoir quality (av. 10.1% and 0.4 md) adjacent to the Gudian fault (consisting of dawsonite, ankerite, quartz, I/S, and illite). The carbon sources for dawsonite and ankerite in the dawsonite-bearing zone (δ13C= -5.7‰ to -0.8‰ and δ18O= -20.6‰ to -17.1‰, and Sr= 0.710216 to 0.712472) are mostly a mix of mantle magmatic CO2 and crustal CO2, with a small amount of organic CO2, which is the opposite for the ferrocalcite and ankerite in the normal zone (δ13C= -10.5‰ to -2.3‰, δ18O= -19.3‰ to -14.9‰, and Sr= 0.712060 to 0.714030). Observations of the dawsonite-bearing zone demonstrate higher contents of carbonate and quartz cements, specific clay mineral types (mixed-layer I/S with Reichweite order of R = 3 and illite), and poor reservoir quality and oil productivity due to the influx of deep inorganic CO2 dating back to around 65-44 Ma.

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Please cite this AAPG Bulletin Ahead of Print article as:

Zheng Cao , Chengyan Lin , Chunmei Dong , Lihua Ren , Keyu Liu , Karem Azmy , Hairuo Qing , Jason Cosford: Impact of CO2 influx on sandstone reservoir quality: A case study of the Quantou Formation, southern Songliao Basin, China, (in press; preliminary version published online Ahead of Print 11 March 2024: AAPG Bulletin, DOI:10.1306/03052418150.

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